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Oakland Unified's Graduation Rate Falls to 75.1%, Lowest Among California's Large Urban Districts

Thu, 14 May 2026 12:00:00 GMT

Oakland Unified's graduation rate fell 5.5 percentage points in a single year, from 80.6% in 2024 to 75.1% in 2025. No other large California district came close to that kind of decline. The next-largest drop among districts with 2,000 or more students was Merced Union High's 1.6-point decrease.

The plunge erased what had looked like progress. Oakland's 80.6% in 2024 was its best mark in the available data, a rate that had briefly pulled the district within striking distance of the state average. One year later, the district sits 12.7 points below the state's 87.8% and at the bottom of every large urban comparison in California.

The Urban Ranking

Among California's largest urban districts, the hierarchy in 2025 is stark:

Oakland is not just at the bottom -- it is separated from the next-lowest by nearly 10 points. San Francisco Unified, which has its own problems at 84.9% (down from a 90.4% peak in 2022), still graduates roughly 10 out of every 100 students that Oakland does not.

Inside the Numbers

Oakland's 2025 cohort of 2,800 students is diverse and high-need. The subgroup breakdown reveals how deeply the decline cuts:

Students who are currently homeless: 59.5% (573 students)
English learners: 61.4% (1,086 students)
Hispanic students: 68.7% (1,503 students)
Students receiving special education services: 69.3% (436 students)

Hispanic students, who make up the majority of Oakland's cohort, graduate at 68.7% -- more than 18 points below the state average for Hispanic students (86.9%). English learners fare worse still at 61.4%, a rate nearly 18 points below the state EL average.

Black students at 80.5% and white students at 83.7% perform closer to their statewide peers but still lag. Asian students at 88.4% are the one group near the state average.

The Diverging Paths

Oakland's trajectory has diverged from the state's in a way that is new. In 2018, Oakland was 6.6 points below the state average. The gap narrowed to 6.1 points by 2024 as Oakland improved to 80.6%. Then the 2025 collapse opened the gap to 12.7 points -- nearly double what it was seven years ago.

The timing is no coincidence. Oakland Unified has spent the past several years in a cycle of fiscal crisis, school closure fights, superintendent turnover, and enrollment decline. The district has lost roughly a third of its enrollment since 2000. A $95 million budget deficit forced painful cuts to staff and programs. Multiple rounds of school closures -- fiercely contested by communities -- disrupted student pathways.

Whether these disruptions caused the graduation rate decline or merely coincided with it, the data cannot say with certainty. But the magnitude of the drop, 5.5 points in a year when the state improved by 1.1 points, is difficult to attribute to demographics alone.

What It Means

A 75.1% graduation rate means that roughly 700 students in Oakland's 2025 cohort did not graduate. In a district where students who are currently homeless number 573 and English learners number 1,086, the non-graduates are concentrated among the most vulnerable.

Oakland is a city that prides itself on social justice values. Its school district has the lowest graduation rate of any large urban system in the state, and the gap is widening.

Oakland Unified did not respond to a request for comment.

Detailed code that reproduces the analysis and figures in this article is available exclusively to EdTribune subscribers.

Foster Youth Graduation Gap Is California's Widest at 19 Points

Thu, 07 May 2026 12:00:00 GMT

California tracks graduation rates for fifteen student subgroups. In 2025, one gap is wider than any other: students in foster care graduate at 68.5%, a full 19.3 percentage points below the state average of 87.8%.

No other group comes close. Students with disabilities and students who are currently homeless each trail by 10.7 points. English learners trail by 8.1 points. The racial gaps that once dominated equity conversations (white-Black at 6.4 points, white-Hispanic at 2.1) are now fractions of the foster care gap.

The number translates directly to young people. Of the 5,649 students in foster care in California's 2025 graduation cohort, roughly 1,780 did not graduate. These are students already navigating the child welfare system, already dealing with instability that most of their peers cannot imagine. A missing diploma compounds every disadvantage that brought them into care in the first place.

Progress That Is Not Enough

The foster care graduation rate has improved. In 2018, it stood at 59.0%, meaning more than four in ten students in foster care did not graduate. The 9.5-point gain to 68.5% is the third-largest improvement of any subgroup, behind only Black students (+10.5 points) and English learners (+8.8 points).

But the gap has not kept pace with statewide gains. In 2018, the foster care gap was 24.5 points. In 2025, it is 19.3 points. That is a meaningful narrowing, but the rate of closure has been uneven; the gap actually widened between 2019 and 2022 (from 21.8 to 23.3 points) before resuming its decline.

The trajectory suggests that whatever drove the improvement from 59% to 68.5% may not be sufficient to close the remaining distance. The last 19 points are the hardest. They represent the students facing the deepest instability.

A Cohort That Is Shrinking, Slowly

California's graduation cohort of students in foster care has shrunk modestly: 6,651 students in 2018 to 5,649 in 2025, a decline of about 15%. Some skeptics might argue the improvement reflects compositional change, but a 9.5-point gain across a cohort that still numbers more than 5,600 students is not explained by selection effects alone. The numbers reflect a persistently large child welfare system.

Where the Gap Hits Hardest

At the district level, the numbers are more sobering. Among districts with at least 50 students in foster care in their cohort, the Orange County Department of Education graduates just 50.0% and the Los Angeles County Office of Education 55.4%. These county offices serve the most transient students in foster care: those cycling through placements, attending continuation schools, entering and exiting juvenile facilities.

Los Angeles Unified, with 394 students in foster care in its 2025 cohort (the largest of any traditional district), graduates them at 74.6%. Fresno Unified at 78.0%. San Francisco Unified at 78.8%. Long Beach Unified at 81.0%.

The range, from 50% at county offices to 84% at San Bernardino City Unified, shows that where a student in foster care lands matters enormously. Placement stability, school-of-origin rights, and designated liaisons for students in foster care vary widely across districts.

The Funding Disconnect

A 2025 WestEd report found that California districts spend only a fraction of one percent of their targeted funds directly on services for students in foster care. The state's Local Control Funding Formula generates supplemental and concentration grants based on counts of high-need students, including students in foster care. But because they are a tiny share of most districts' enrollment, typically well under 1%, the funding generated on their behalf is often absorbed into broader programs rather than directed at their specific needs.

The paradox is that students in foster care are among the most expensive students to serve well, requiring case management, transportation to school of origin, counseling, and academic intervention, and yet they are the least likely to receive dedicated resources.

What 68.5% Means

A 68.5% graduation rate means that roughly one in three students in foster care in California leaves high school without a diploma. For a student who has already experienced family disruption, housing instability, and the trauma of the child welfare system, the absence of a diploma closes doors that were already narrowing.

The improvement from 59% is real and meaningful. The remaining gap of 19.3 points is the distance between a system that has begun to pay attention and one that has solved the problem. California is clearly not in the second category yet.

Detailed code that reproduces the analysis and figures in this article is available exclusively to EdTribune subscribers.

Compton Unified Now Graduates 93.7% of Its Students, Six Points Above the California Average

Thu, 30 Apr 2026 12:00:00 GMT

Compton Unified's graduation rate in 2025 was 93.7%.

That number, on its own, would be unremarkable for a suburban district. But Compton is not suburban in any conventional sense, and the number is remarkable because of where the district started. A little over a decade ago, the Los Angeles Times reported that Compton's graduation rate hovered in the high 50s as the district emerged from state receivership, a corruption scandal, and near-bankruptcy.

Thirteen years later, Compton not only graduates at 93.7%, it does so nearly six points above the California state average.

The Data Window

The California Department of Education data available through the current release covers 2018 through 2025, with gaps during the COVID waiver years. Within that window, Compton Unified posted five consecutive increases:

2018: 83.5%
2019: 87.1%
2022: 89.3%
2024: 92.9%
2025: 93.7%

The improvement of 10.2 percentage points across this window understates the full arc. The broader transformation, which began in the early 2010s under state receivership, has unfolded over more than a decade and across multiple superintendent tenures and policy regimes. Superintendent Darin Brawley, who has led the district through the most recent years, has credited "intentional systems and strategic resource allocation."

Outpacing the State

In 2018, Compton's 83.5% graduation rate was exactly equal to the state average. By 2025, the district had opened a 5.9-point lead. The crossover happened around 2019, when Compton pulled ahead of the state for the first time. It has not looked back.

That trajectory stands in sharp contrast to other urban districts over the same period. Oakland Unified sat at 76.9% in 2018, climbed to 80.6% in 2024, then fell back to 75.1% in 2025. San Francisco Unified slid from a peak of 90.4% in 2022 to 84.9%. Stockton Unified improved impressively, from 78.6% to 88.9%, but has not yet matched Compton's rate.

Who Graduates at Compton

Compton's 2025 cohort of 1,225 students is heavily Hispanic (1,046 students, or 85%) and overwhelmingly low-income (1,197 of 1,225, or 98%). The subgroup breakdown reveals broad success, not a single-group story:

Hispanic students: 94.3%
Students from low-income families: 93.7%
Black students: 90.1%
English learners: 88.5%
Students with special needs: 87.4%
Students experiencing homelessness: 84.5%

Every subgroup with a meaningful cohort exceeds 84%. The special education rate of 87.4% is more than 10 points above the state special education average of 77.1%. The English learner rate of 88.5% exceeds the state EL average of 79.7% by nearly nine points.

The Unanswered Question

The data confirms the transformation. What it cannot fully explain is the mechanism. Compton's improvement predates the state's major LCFF funding formula changes, spans multiple policy eras, and has accelerated even as other districts with similar demographics stalled or declined.

Among the 71 districts with cohorts between 1,000 and 2,000 students, Compton's 93.7% lands right at the median. What makes the number exceptional is not the rank but the starting point and the demographics: a majority-Hispanic, nearly-universally low-income district in a community that was once synonymous with educational failure now performs at the same level as the typical district its size, with substantially fewer resources.

The A-G completion rate -- the percentage of graduates meeting University of California and California State University entrance requirements -- reportedly rose from 27% to 60% under the current administration. That number, which is not in the graduation data, suggests the improvement is not merely about getting students to the finish line but about the quality of the education on the way there.

Compton did not respond to a request for comment.

Detailed code that reproduces the analysis and figures in this article is available exclusively to EdTribune subscribers.